Overview
- Lesson Title: The Communications Industry in Africa-This is an analysis of the development of the communications industry in Africa.
- Language: Hausa
- Topic: Science/Technology
- ILR Level: 2+/3
- ACTFL Proficiency: Superior, Advanced-High; This ACTFL rating is an approximation based on the ILR level
- Modality: Reading
- Learning Objective: Maintenance & Improvement
- Subject Area: Language
- Material Type: LLO
- Publication Year: 2009
- ObjectID: T8RHA23
Transcript Audio
Transcript
| Original | Translation |
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Saurin bunkasuwar sana'ar sadarwa na Afrika yana kan gaba a duniya A farkon shekarun 90 na karnin da ya wuce, babu hanyar sadarwar internet a nahiyar Afrika. Yau da shekaru 10 da suka gabata, a kan gamu da wahalhalu a yayin da ake buga waya a Afrika. Amma yanzu, Afrika ta zama yanki mafi saurin bunkasuwar sana'ar sadarwa a duniya, musamman ma a cikin shekarun baya, sana'ar sadarwa ta Afrika ta samu bunkasuwa sosai. Bisa kididdigar da aka yi, an ce, tun daga watan Yuli zuwa watan Satumba na shekarar 2008, yawan mutanen Afrika da suka yi amfani da wayar salula ya dauki kashi 37 bisa dari. Kasashen da yawansu ya kai kashi 70 cikin darbisa dukkan kasashen dake kudu da hamadar Sahara sun riga sun kafa yanar gizo ta wayar salula, kashi kimanin 80 bisa dari na mutanen Afrika da suka yi amfani da waya su ma suna amfani da wayar salula. Bayan shekarun da aka samu bunkasuwar sanarwa cikin sauri, kuma a cikin rikicin hada-hadar kudi, ko sana'ar sadarwa ta Afrika za ta iya ci gaba da samun bunkasuwa? Wannan zai kawo tasiri ga bunkasuwar tattalin arzikin Afrika. Bankin duniya ya yi hasashen cewa, sana'ar sadarwa ta Afrika za ta ci gaba da bunkasuwa cikin sauri a shekaru masu zuwa, kuma yawan kudin da aka zuba wa sana'ar sadarwa zai karu. Saurin bunkasuwar sana'ar sadarwa ta Afrika zai ci gaba da daukar matsayin gaba a cikin shekaru 3 ko shekaru 5 masu zuwa a duniya. Akwai dalilai 3 da suka sa haka. Na farko, idan aka kwatanta da sauran shiyyoyi, mutanen Afrika da suka ci gajiyar sadarwa ba su yi yawa ba, kuma akwai babbar tazara a tsakanin kasashe daban daban na Afrika. A fannin internet, yawan mutanen da suke amfani da shi a Afrika ya dauki kashi 5.4 bisa dari, amma matsakaicin yawansu na duk duniya ya kai kashi 21.9 bisa dari. Sabo da haka, sana'ar sadarwa ta Afrika tana da makoma mai kyau. Na biyu, galibin hidimomin sadarwa da aka samar a Afrika sun shafi fannin murya, amma sana'ar sadarwa ta Afrika za ta nemi samun bunkasuwa a fannin harkokin bayanai. Na uku, bayan an hada kananan wayoyin aika sako ta haske da aka shimfida a karkashin teku da internet a Afrika, karin kasashe za su rage yin amfani da internet ta hanyar tauraron dan Adam mai tsada, za a samu babbar sauyawa a fannin tsarin internet na broadband. Idan sana'ar sadarwa ta Afrika ta shiga sabon zamani na bunkasuwa, dole ne ta rage farashin hidima da sarrafa sabuwar fasaha. A fannin farashin hidima, yawan kudin da ake biya kan internet ya fi yawa a Afrika. Amma, ana samun canji na irin wannan hali. Kwamitin tsarin sadarwa na duniya ya bayar da wani rahoto cewa, domin habaka yanar gizo ta sadarwa da kyautata hidima, a shekaru 5 masu zuwa, kamfannonin sadarwa na kasashen dake kudu da hamadar Sahara za su ware dalar Amurka biliyan 50. Dole ne a rage yawan kudin da ake kashewa wajen gudanar da sana'ar sadarwa da kuma farashin hidimar sadarwa, hidimar sadarwa za ta biya bukatun Jama'a. Rashin fasahohin zamani ya hana bunkasuwar sana'ar sadarwa ta Afrika. A kasar Nigeriya, za a samu wani sabon mutum mai yin amfani da wayar salula a kowace dakika, amma saurin karuwar masu yin amfani wayar salula ya rage ingancin yanar gizo ta waya. Ana sa ran za a kyautata wannan hali bayan da aka kara yin amfani da fasahar sadarwa ta 3G wato the 3rd generation partner project. Sana'ar sadarwa tana da nasaba da ingancin tattalin arziki, sannan kuma, tana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen bunkasuwar zaman al'umma ta fannoni daban daban. Darektan hukumar raya harkokin sadarwa ta kawancen sadarwa na kasa da kasa Bashir yana ganin cewa, "tattalin arzikin Afrika yana bukatar sadarwa mai kyau kamar yadda sauran kungiyoyin tattalin arziki na duniya suka yi, sadarwa za ta ingiza bunkasuwar sauran hukumomin tattalin arziki." (Lami) |
Africa’s Fast-Growing Communications Industry Is a World Leader At the beginning of the 1990’s the Internet did not even exist on the African continent. Indeed, people have had trouble making a simple phone call in Africa over the past ten years. But now Africa has become the region with the fastest growing communications industry in the world. Africa's communications industry has seen remarkable growth, especially in recent years. Statistics indicate that between July and September of 2008, the number of people using mobile phones in Africa rose 37 percent. Seventy percent of countries in sub-Saharan Africa have already established a mobile phone network, and about 80 percent of Africans who use a landline phone also use a mobile phone. After years of rapid growth in communications and given the current financial crisis, can the African communications industry continue to develop? This will have an impact on Africa’s economic development. The World Bank projects that Africa’s communications industry will continue to develop rapidly in the coming years, and that investment in the communications industry will also increase. This rapid growth will mean that Africa's communications industry will continue to hold a leading position in the world over the next three to five years. There are three reasons for this. First, compared to [people in] other regions, not many Africans benefit from communications technology, and there is a considerable gap between different countries [regarding availability]. With regard to the internet, about 5.4 percent of the African population is on the Web, while the global average has reached 21.9 percent. Therefore, the African communications industry has a bright future. Second, most of the communications infrastructure that has been built in Africa involves voice capacity only, so the African communications industry will seek to develop data capacity. Third, once undersea fiber-optic cables have been connected to provide faster internet service in Africa, more countries will rely less heavily on expensive satellite internet connections, and there will be a major changeover to broadband systems. If the communications industry in Africa is to enter the modern age of development, it must reduce the cost of infrastructure and build new technologies. As far as the cost of infrastructure is concerned, a lot of money is spent on the internet in Africa. But this situation is changing. The International Telecommunication Union has issued a report saying that communications companies in sub-Saharan Africa will spend 50 billion U.S. dollars over the next five years in order to expand the communications network and improve infrastructure. In order for this infrastructure to meet the needs of the public, the amount of money spent on running the communications industry and the cost of communications infrastructure technology must be reduced. The lack of modern technology has prevented the development of Africa’s communications industry. In Nigeria, there is a new mobile phone user every second, but this rapid increase in people using mobile phones has diminished the overall stability of the dial up network. This situation will likely improve once more use is made of 3G communications technology, or with the implementation of the 3rd Generation Partnership Project. The communication industry is linked to economic strength. It also plays a significant role in many aspects of social development. The director of the International Program for the Development of Communication (IPDC), Bashir [full name not given or found], believes that, “The African economy needs a sound communications system like other world economic unions, a structure that will stimulate the development of other economic sectors.” (by Lami) |
Glossary
| Hausa | English Meaning |
|---|---|
| a kan gamu da wahalhalu a yayin da ake buga waya a Afrika | trouble making a simple phone call in Africa |
| wayar salula | mobile phones, cellular phones (from English) |
| kimanin 80 bisa dari na mutanen Afrika da suka yi amfani da waya | about 80 percent of Africans who use a landline phone |
| Bankin duniya ya yi hasashen cewa | the World Bank projects... |
| mutanen Afrika da suka ci gajiyar sadarwa | [not many] Africans benefit from communications technology |
| akwai babbar tazara a tsakanin kasashe daban daban na Afrika | (lit: there is a considerable distance between countries in Africa) there is a considerable gap between different countries [regarding availability] |
| matsakaicin yawansu | an average |
| fannin murya | (lit: voice type/domain) telecommunications |
| kananan wayoyin aika sako ta haske da aka shimfida a karkashin teku da internet a Afrika | undersea Internet fiber-optic cable |
| internet ta hanyar tauraron dan Adam | satellite Internet connections |
| Kwamitin tsarin sadarwa na duniya | International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
The International Telecommunication Union is a United Nations agency based in Geneva, Switzerland that focuses on information and communication technology issues. |
| hukumar raya harkokin sadarwa ta kawancen sadarwa na kasa da kasa | International Programme for the Development of Communication (IPDC)
IPDC is a multilateral forum inside the UN that engages the international community in discussions on ways to promote media development in developing countries. |
Notes
1. The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP)
The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) is a partnership between groups of telecommunication associations. It was established with the goal of setting up a selection of technologies that would be suitable for worldwide use concerning the Third Generation (3G) mobile system, a system of technologically advanced, Internet capable cell phones.
2. More information
a) For more information about communication technology in Africa, please visit:
http://www.africa.upenn.edu/Hornet/CABECA.html
http://www.unesco-iicba.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=11&Itemid=47
http://www.idrc.ca/acacia/ev-117576-201-1-DO_TOPIC.html
b) For more information about the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), please see: