bbchausa verticals/059 sea nomads see like dolphins

From HausaDictionary.com | Hausa English Translations

#: The ‘sea-nomad’ children who see like dolphins [1] <> Yaran da ke gani tar a cikin ruwa [2]

#: Unlike most people, the children of a Thailand tribe see with total clarity beneath the waves – [3] <> Sabanin mafi yawan mutane, kananan yara a wata kabilar Thailand na iya gani tar a karkashin kogi. [4]

#: how do they do it, and might their talent be learned? [5] <> Da ya aka yi su ke iya haka? Shin sauran yara za su iya koyon wannan gwaninta? [6]

#: “When the tide came in, [7] <> “Lokacin da igiyar ruwa ta motsa, [8]

#: these kids started swimming. [9] <> sai yaran su ka fara iyo. [10]

#: But not like I had seen before. [11] <> Sai dai iyon nasu ban taba ganin irinsa ba. [12]

#: They were more underwater than above water, they had their eyes wide open – they were like little dolphins.” [13] <> Nutso su ka yi cikin ruwan amma idonsu a bude wasai kamar ‘ya’yan ruwa.” [14]

#: Deep in the island archipelagos on the Andaman Sea, and [15] <> A can cikin kananan tsibiran da ke kogin Andaman, [16]

#: along the west coast of Thailand live small tribes called the Moken people, [17] <> a yammacin kasar Thailand akwai wasu kananan kabilu da ake kira Moken, [18]

#: also known as sea-nomads. [19] <> wasu kuma ke musu lakabin ‘yan ruwa. [20]

#: Their children spend much of their day in the sea, diving for food. [21] <> ‘Ya’yansu na kusan yini a cikin ruwa, su na farautar abinci. [22]

#: They are uniquely adapted to this job – [23] <> Wannan aiki ya dace da su – [24]

#: because they can see underwater. [25] <> saboda su na iya gani a karkashin ruwa. [26]

#: And it turns out that with a little practice, their unique vision might be accessible to any young person. [27] <> Koma kowanne yaro ma na iya samun wannan baiwar. [28]

#: In 1999, Anna Gislen at the University of Lund, in Sweden was investigating different aspects of vision, [29] <> A 1999, Anna Gislen ta jami’ar Lund da ke Sweden na gudanar da binciken kan abubuwan da su ka shafi yadda idanu ke gani, [30]

#: when a colleague suggested that she might be interested [31] <> sai wani abokin aikinta ya shawarce ta da ta yi nazari [32]

#: in studying the unique characteristics of the Moken tribe. [33] <> kan ‘ya’yan kabilar Moken masu gani a cikin ruwa. [34]

#: “I’d been sitting in a dark lab for three months, so I thought, ‘yeah, why not go to Asia instead’,” says Gislen. [35] <> “Na kwashe watanni uku ina zama a wani dakin gwaji mai duhu, don haka nace a raina, ‘gaskiyane, mai zai hana in tafi nahiyar Asiya?’ in ji Gislen. [36]

#: Gislen and her six-year old daughter [37] <> Gislen da ‘yarta mai shekaru shida [38]

#: travelled to Thailand and integrated themselves within the Moken communities, [39] <> su ka tafi Thailanda su ka zauna tare da kabilar Moken, [40]

#: who mostly lived on houses sat upon poles. [41] <> wadanda mafi yawansu kan rayuwa ne cikin gidajen da aka gina akan turaku a bakin ruwa. [42]

#: When the tide came in, [43] <> Lokacin da ruwa ya kawo, [44]

#: the Moken children splashed around in the water, diving down [45] <> sai ‘ya’yan Moken su ka kunna nutso [46]

#: to pick up food that lay metres below what Gislen or her daughter could see. [47] <> domin su debo abinci daga can karkashin ruwan fiye da inda Gislen da ‘yarta za su iya hangowa. [48]

#: “They had their eyes wide open, fishing for clams, shells and sea cucumbers, with no problem at all,” she says. [49] <> “Idanuwansu a bude su ke debo kifayen cikin kwanso da sauran dabbobin ruwa ire-irensu,” in ji Gislen. [50]

#: Gislen set up an experiment to test just how good the children’s underwater vision really was. [51] <> Gislen ta gudanar da gwaji domin tantance karfin ganin yaran a karkashin ruwa. [52]

#: The kids were excited about joining in, [53] <> Yaran sun amince da gwajin cikin gaggawa. [54]

#: says Gislen, “they thought it was just a fun game.” [55] <> Gislen ta ce: “Su dauka su ke yi kamar wani wasa ne.” [56]

#: The kids had to dive underwater and place their heads onto a panel. [57] <> Gwajin dai kan bukaci yaran su yi nutso cikin ruwan ne sannan su aza kawunansu bisa wani faifai. [58]

#: From there they could see a card displaying either vertical or horizontal lines. [59] <> Daga nan su na iya hango wani kati da aka zana layuka akai, wasu a tsaitsaye wasu a kwakkwance. [60]

#: Once they had stared at the card, [61] <> Idan sun gano katin, [62]

#: they came back to the surface to report which direction the lines travelled. [63] <> sai su fito saman ruwa su bayyana alkiblar da layikan ke kalla. [64]

#: Each time they dived down, [65] <> Duk lokacin da su ka sake nutso ana sauya katin, [66]

#: the lines would get thinner, [67] <> inda ake kara rage kaurin zanen layikan, [68]

#: making the task harder. [69] <> abinda ke sa ganinsu a cikin ruwa ya kara wuya. [70]

#: It turned out that the Moken children were able to see twice as well as European children who performed the same experiment at a later date. [71] <> Sakamakon ya nuna cewa ‘ya’ya Moken sun nunka yaran Turai, wadanda aka yi wa irin wannan gwajin daga bisani, karfin gani a ruwa. [72]

#: What was going on? [73] <> To me ya jawo haka? [74]

#: To see clearly above land, you need to be able to refract light that enters the eye onto the retina. [75] <> Shi dai idon mutane ya kan gani ne ta hanyar karkatar da hasken da ya shigo ido zuwa wani tantani [76]

#: The retina sits at the back of the eye and contains specialised cells, [77] <> tantani na can bayan idon da ake kira ‘retina’. [78]

#: which convert the light signals into electrical signals that the brain interprets as images. [79] <> Shi tantanin, shi ya kan sauya haske zuwa sakon da kwakwalwa za ta fassara a matsayin hoto. [80]

#: Light is refracted when it enters the human eye because the outer cornea contains water, [81] <> Idanu na iya aika hasken zuwa tantanin ‘retina’ saboda fatar da ke gaban ido ta na kunshe da ruwa. [82]

#: which makes it slightly denser than the air outside the eye. [83] <> Hakan na sa nauyinta ya dara na iskar da ke wajen ido. [84]

#: An internal lens refracts the light even further. [85] <> Don haka sai fatar gaban ta tura hasken zuwa ga tantantanin bayan ido. [86]

#: When the eye is immersed in water, [87] <> Amma lokacin da aka nutsar da ido cikin ruwa, [88]

#: which has about the same density as the cornea, we lose the refractive power of the cornea, [89] <> sai fatar gaban idon ta gaza tura hasken zuwa baya sosai saboda nauyinta ya daidaita da ruwan da ke wajen ido. [90]

#: which is why the image becomes severely blurred. [91] <> Dalili ke nan da gani kan koma dishi-dishi a ruwa. [92]

#: The Moken children were able to see twice as well as European children [93] <> Idan aka bawa sauran yara horo, suma za su iya gani tar a cikin ruwa kamar yaran kabilar Moken [94]

#: Gislen figured that in order for the Moken children to see clearly underwater, [95] <> Gislen ta yi hasashen cewa tun da yaran Moken na iya gani wasai a cikin ruwa, [96]

#: they must have either picked up some adaption that fundamentally changed the way their eyes worked, [97] <> ko dai halittar idanunsu ce ta bambanta da ta sauran yaran duniya [98]

#: or they had learned to use their eyes differently under water. [99] <> ko kuma sun koyi amfani da idanunsu a cikin ruwa ne ta wata hanya da ta sabawa yadda sauran yara ke amfani da nasu. [100]

#: She thought the first theory was unlikely, [101] <> Amma sai ta yi tunanin hasashenta na farko ba ya kan turba, [102]

#: because a fundamental change to the eye [103] <> saboda idan har halittar idanun ‘yayan Moken ce ta sauya, [104]

#: would probably mean the kids wouldn’t be able to see well above water. [105] <> ke nan ba za su iya gani da kyau a wajen ruwan ba. [106]

#: A simple eye test proved this to be true – the Moken children could see just as well above water as European children of a similar age. [107] <> Da ta gwada karfin ganin ‘ya’yan Moken a waje, sai ta ga sakamakon yayi daidai da sa’anninsu na Turai. [108]

#: It had to be some kind of manipulation of the eye itself, thought Gislen. [109] <> Don haka sai Gislen ta samu yakinin cewa akwai dai abinda ‘ya’yan Moken ke yi wa idanunsu a cikin ruwa wanda ya bambanta da na sauran yara. [110]

#: There are two ways in which you can theoretically improve your vision underwater. [111] <> A ilmance, hanyoyi biyu za a iya bi domin kara gani a cikin ruwa; [112]

#: You can change the shape of the lens – which is called accommodation – [113] <> Ko dai a kankantar da kwayar ido, [114]

#: or you can make the pupil smaller, thereby increasing the depth of field. [115] <> ko kuma a sauya siffar kwanson da ke rike da kwayar idon. [116]

#: Their pupil size was easy to measure – [117] <> Auna girman kwayar ido abu ne mai sauki, [118]

#: and revealed that they can constrict their pupils to the maximum known limit of human performance. [119] <> sakamakon kuma ya nuna cewa yaran kan kankanta kwayar idonsu zuwa karshen kankancewar da bil’adama zai iya. [120]

#: But this alone couldn’t fully explain the degree to which their sight improved. [121] <> Sai dai wannan kawai ba zai iya sa ganinsu ya yi matukar karuwa ba. [122]

#: This led Gislen to believe that accommodation of the lens was also involved. [123] <> Wannan ya sa Gislen tunanin duk yadda aka yi su na hadawa da sauya siffar kwanson da ke dauke da kwayar idanunsu. [124]

#: “We had to make a mathematical calculation to work out how much the lens was accommodating in order for them to see as far as they could,” says Gislen. [125] <> Ta ce: “Hakan ce ta tilasta mana amfani da alkalumman lissafi wurin gano iyakacin sauyin da su ke iya yi wa kwanson da ke rike da idanunsu domin ganin nesa a cikin ruwa. [126]

#: This showed that the children had to be able to accommodate to a far greater degree than you would expect to see underwater. [127] <> Mun kuwa gano cewa su na iya sauya siffar kwansan nasu kwarai da aniya, fiye da yadda ake sa rai a cikin ruwa.” [128]

#: “Normally when you go underwater, everything is so blurry that the eye doesn’t even try to accommodate, it’s not a normal reflex,” says Gislen. [129] <> “A dabi’ance, idan ka yi nutso a ruwa kuma ya na dusashe maka ne don haka idonka ba ya kokarin sauya kwansonsa don ba ka damar gani a cikin ruwan,” in ji Gislen. [130]

#: “But the Moken children are able to do both – [131] <> “Sai dai ‘ya’yan Moken na iya yin duk biyun; [132]

#: they can make their pupils smaller and change their lens shape. [133] <> su kankanta kwayar idonsu sannan su sauya siffar kwanson kwayar idon. [134]

#: Seals and dolphins have a similar adaptation.” [135] <> Kifayen ‘dolphin’ ma su na iya hakan.” [136]

#: Gislen was able to test a few Moken adults in the same way. [137] <> Gislen ta kuma gwada manyan kabilar Moken [138]

#: They showed no unusual underwater vision or accommodation – [139] <> amma idanunsu ba su da irin baiwar da idanun yaransu ke da ita, [140]

#: perhaps explaining why the adults in the tribe caught most of their food by spear fishing above the surface. [141] <> abinda ke sa su farautar kifi ta hanyar soke shi da mashi daga gabar kogi maimakon yin nutsu su kamo kifi. [142]

#: “When we age, our lenses become less flexible, [143] <> “Idan muka girma, kwanson kwayar idonmu kan yi tauri ta yadda ba zamu iya sauya masa siffa ba, [144]

#: so it makes sense that the adults lose the ability to accommodate underwater,” says Gislen. [145] <> don haka ba mamaki don manyan Moken sun kasa gani a cikin ruwa,” in ji Gislen. [146]

#: Gislen wondered whether the Moken children had a genetic anomaly to thank for their ability to see underwater or whether it was just down to practice. [147] <> Daga nan kuma Gislen ta yi kokarin gano ko ‘ya’yan Moken na da wata kwayar halitta ne ta dabam da ke ba su damar sarrafa idanunsu ta yadda su ke iya gani garau a cikin ruwa ko kuma kurum tsabar sabo ne. [148]

#: To find out, [149] <> Domin tantance hakan [150]

#: she asked a group of European children on holiday in Thailand, [151] <> sai ta bukaci wasu ‘ya’yan Turawa da su ka je hutu Thailand [152]

#: and a group of children in Sweden to take part in training sessions, [153] <> da kuma wasu ‘ya’yan Turawan da ke Sweden [154]

#: in which they dived underwater and tried to work out the direction of lines on a card. [155] <> da su yi atisayen nutso a cikin ruwa tare da kokarin gano inda layikan da aka zana akan kati ke kallo. [156]

#: After 11 sessions across one month, [157] <> Bayan da suka samu atisaye sau 11 cikin wata guda, [158]

#: both groups had attained the same underwater acuity as the Moken children. [159] <> sai rukunan biyu na yaran duk su ka zama su na iya gani garau a karkashin ruwa kamar ‘ya’yan Moken. [160]

#: Gislen recently returned to Thailand to visit the Moken tribes, [161] <> Gislen ta koma Thailand a shekarun baya bayan nan don ziyartar kabilar Moken [162]

#: but things had changed dramatically. [163] <> sai dai ta tarar da gagarumin sauyi. [164]

#: In 2004, a tsunami created by a giant earthquake within the Indian Ocean destroyed much of the Moken’s homeland. [165] <> A 2004 girgizar kasa a cikin tekun India ta haddasa tsunamin da ta lalata kusan daukacin kauyukan Moken. [166]

#: Since then, the Thai government has worked hard [167] <> Tun daga wancan lokacin gwamnatin Thailand ta yi bakin kokarinta [168]

#: to move them onto the land, building homes that are further inland [169] <> na ganin ta tsugunar da su a wuraren da ke nesa da bakin ruwa [170]

#: and employing members of the tribe to work in the National Park. [171] <> tare da daukar su aikin kula da gandun daji. [172]

#: “It’s difficult,” says Gislen. [173] <> “Abin da wuya,” in ji Gislen. [174]

#: “You want to help keep people safe and give them the best parts of modern culture, [175] <> “Akwai bukatar a taimaka su, a tsare su daga hatsari tare da shayar da su romon ci gaban zamani, [176]

#: but in doing so they lose their own culture.” [177] <> sai dai kuma yin hakan na sa su saki al’adunsu.” [178]

#: In unpublished work, [179] <> A wani bincike da ba ta wallafa ba, [180]

#: Gislen tested the same kids that were in her original experiment. [181] <> Gislen ta auna karfin ganin yaran da ta auna a gwajinta na farko. [182]

#: The Moken children, now in their late teens, [183] <> A wannan karon, yaran sun zama matasa, [184]

#: were still able to see clearly underwater. [185] <> kuma su na ci gaba da iya gani a cikin ruwa. [186]

#: Unfortunately, [187] <> Abin takaicin shi ne, [188]

#: the children in Gislen’s experiments may be the last of the tribe to possess the ability to see so clearly underwater. [189] <> yaran da Gislen ta auna a gwajinta na farko na iya zama na karshe a kabilarsu da ke iya gani a ruwa. [190]

#: “They just don’t spend as much time in the sea anymore,” she says, [191] <> Ta ce: “Yaran zamani ba sa samun damar shiga cikin ruwa akai-akai kamar yayyensu na baya. [192]

#: “so I doubt that any of the children that grow up these days in the tribe have this extraordinary vision.” [193] <> Don haka ba na jin kananan yaran da ke tasowa a cikin kabilar a yanzu na da wannan kaifin ganin a cikin ruwa.” [194]

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