bbchausa verticals/070 the-secret-to-a-long-and-healthy-life-eat-less

From HausaDictionary.com | Hausa English Translations

#: The secret to a long and healthy life? Eat less [1] <> Ka san sirrin samun rayuwa mai tsawo? Cin abinci kadan [2]

#: Permanently cutting the daily calories you consume may turn out to have a profound effect on your future life, [3] <> Rage yawan abincin da kake ci a kullum zai iya yin babban tasiri a rayuwarka, har ka samu tsawon rayuwa, [4]

#: according to some tantalising scientific studies. [5] <> kamar yadda wadansu nazarce-nazarce masu dadi na kimiyya suka tabbatar. [6]

#: In a restaurant setting sometime in the not-too distant future, a man and a woman are on their first date. [7] <> Wani mutum da wata mata sun shirya zamansu na tattaunawar masoya na farko a wani babban wurin cin abinci. [8]

#: The man is 33, he says, has been single for most of those years, [9] <> Mutumin mai shekara 33, ya sheda wa matar bai taba yin aure ba kuma duk kusan tsawon shekarun nan ba shi da ko wata budurwa, [10]

#: and, although he doesn’t mention it, knows he is looking to settle down and have a family. [11] <> kuma ko da yake bai fada ba, amma ya san cewa an san yana neman yin aure ne ya samu iyali. [12]

#: The woman replies that she is 52, has been married, divorced, [13] <> A nata bangaren matar ta gaya masa cewa shekararta 52, ta yi aure amma, auren ya mutu, [14]

#: and has children in their early 20s. [15] <> kuma tana da 'ya'ya da suka dan zarta shekara 20. [16]

#: He had no idea – [17] <> Mutumin ba shi da wata masaniya, [18]

#: she looked his age, or younger. [19] <> amma yana ganin matar kusan sa'arsa ce ko ma ya girme ta. [20]

#: This is a dream of Julie Mattison from the National Institute on Ageing (NIA) in the United States. [21] <> To wannan shi ne burin Julie Mattison ta cibiyar nazari a kan girman mutane ta Amurka( National Institute on Ageing (NIA)). [22]

#: She envisions a time when chronological age ticks by with every year, [23] <> Ta yi fatan samun wani lokaci da za gano hanyar da shekarun mutum za su zama shekaru ne kawai a baki, [24]

#: but biological age can be set to a different timer, where elderly doesn’t mean what it does now. [25] <> amma ba tsufan mutum ba, kamar yadda ake gani a yanzu. [26]

#: It sounds far-fetched, [27] <> Za a dauka wannan abu ne mai wuyar gaske, [28]

#: but our society has already made great strides towards that goal, [29] <> to amma tuni duniya ta fara gagarumin kokari wajen cimma wannan buri, [30]

#: thanks to advances in medicine and improvements in healthy living. [31] <> ta hanyar ci gaban da aka samu a fannin likitanci da kuma tsarin rayuwa mai inganci da jama'a ke bi. [32]

#: In 2014, for instance, the United States Health Interview Survey reported that 16% of people aged between 50 and 64 were impaired every day with chronic illness. [33] <> Misali a shekara ta 2014, wani bincike da aka gudanar kan harkokin lafiya a Amurka ya nuna cewa kashi 16 cikin dari na mutanen da suka kai tsakanin shekara 50 da 64, a kullum sukan yi fama da cutuka masu tsanani iri daban-daban. [34]

#: Three decades earlier that number was 23%. [35] <> Shekara talatin baya yawan mutanen da suke da wannan matsala a Amurkar kashi 23 cikin dari ne, [36]

#: In other words, as well as benefiting from longer lifespans, [37] <> wato an samu raguwarsu a gaba, sakamakon wani cigaba. Wannana na nufin kenan bayan samun tsawon rayuwa, [38]

#: we are also experiencing longer “healthspans” – and the latter is proving to be even more malleable. [39] <> mutane na kuma yin rayuwa mai tsawo cikin koshin lafiya akalla idan an kwatanta da wadancan shekarun. [40]

#: To paraphrase and update a speech from John F Kennedy given at the first White House Conference on Ageing in 1961, life can indeed be added to years, rather than just years added to life. [41] <> Wannan ya kasance kamar yadda John F Kennedy ya fada a jawabinsa na farko a kan tsufa a 1961, a fadar gwamnatin Amurka, White House, inda ya ce za a iya kara rayuwa a kan shekaru, maimakon a kara shekaru a kan rayuwa. [42]

#: So, what do we need to do to enhance the length and quality of our lives even more? [43] <> To me ya kamata mu yi domin tsawaita rayuwarmu da kuma tabbatar da ingancinta fiye da yadda take a yanzu? [44]

#: Researchers worldwide are pursuing various ideas, [45] <> Masana kimiyya a fadin duniya na kokarin bin hanyoyi daban-daban domin gano wannan sirri, [46]

#: but for Mattison and colleagues, [47] <> amma a wurin Mattison da abokan bincikenta, [48]

#: the answer is a simple change in diet. [49] <> sirrin shi ne sauya yanayin cin abincinmu. [50]

#: They believe that the key to a better old age may be to reduce the amount of food on our plates, via an approach called “calorie restriction”. [51] <> A wurinsu sun yi amanna hanyar samun ingantacciyar rayuwa idan mutum ya tsufa, ba tare da ya rika fama da cutuka ba, ita ce rage yawan abincin da muke ci. [52]

#: Since the early 1930s, [53] <> Tun shekarun farko-farko na 1930, [54]

#: a 30% reduction in the amount of food consumed per day has been linked to longer, [55] <> bincike ya nuna cewa ragin kashi 30 cikin dari na abincin da wasu dabbobi da kwari ke ci a duk rana, a rayuwarsu dindindin yana sa rayuwarsu ta inganta kuma ta kara tsawo. [56]

#: more active lives in worms, flies, rats, mice, and monkeys. Across the animal kingdom, in other words, calorie restriction has proven the best remedy for the ravages of life. [57] <> Wadannan halittu da aka gano hakan a rayuwar tasu sun hada da tsutsotsi da kudaje da beraye da birai. [58]

#: And it’s possible that humans have just as much to gain. [59] <> Kuma ana ganin shi kansa dan adam idan ya bi wannan tsari zai ci moriyar hakan shi ma. [60]

#: The idea that what a person eats influences their health no doubt predates any historical accounts that remain today. [61] <> Maganar cewa abin da mutum ke ci yana da tasiri a kan yanayin lafiyarsa, magana ce da ta girmi duk wani bincike na zamanin yau. [62]

#: But, as is often the case for any scientific discipline, [63] <> Kamar yadda abin yake a duk wani fage na kimiyya, [64]

#: the first detailed accounts come from Ancient Greece. [65] <> an fara samun cikakken bayanin hakan ne daga lokacin zamanin da na Girka. [66]

#: Hippocrates, one of the first physicians to claim diseases were natural [67] <> Hippocrates, daya daga cikin likitoci na farko da suka ce cutuka abubuwa ne na rayuwa kamar komai [68]

#: and not supernatural, [69] <> ba wasu abubuwa ba ne na iska ko wani abu makamancin haka, [70]

#: observed that many ailments were associated with gluttony; [71] <> ya lura cewa cutuka da dama suna da alaka da cin abinci da yawa. [72]

#: obese Greeks tended to die younger than slim Greeks, that was clear and written down on papyrus. [73] <> Misali a zamanin da na Girkawa mutane masu teba ko kiba sun fi mutuwa suna matasa a kan takwarorinsu sirara. [74]

#: Spreading from this epicentre of science, these ideas were adopted and adapted over the centuries. [75] <> To haka aka dauko wannan tsari a tsawon shekaru aru-aru, [76]

#: And at the end of the 15th Century, [77] <> inda a karshen karni na 15, [78]

#: Alvise Cornaro, an infirm aristocrat [79] <> wani mai hali Alvise Cornaro, [80]

#: from a small village near Venice in Italy, turned the prevailing wisdom on its head, and on himself. [81] <> wanda ke wani kauye a kusa da birnin Venice a Italiya ya gwada tsarin a kansa. [82]

#: If indulgence was harmful, would dietary asceticism be helpful? To find out, Cornaro, aged 40, ate only 350g (12oz) of food per day, roughly 1000 calories according to recent estimates. [83] <> A lokacin Cornaro yana da shekara 40, ya rage yawan abincin da yake ci a kullum zuwa gram 350 (1000 calories), [84]

#: He ate bread, panatela or broth, and eggs. [85] <> inda yake cin burodi da kwai da biskit ko farfesu. [86]

#: For meat he chose veal, goat, beef, [87] <> Nama kuwa ya zabi ya rika cin na akuya ko shanu ( maraki) [88]

#: partridge, thrush, and any poultry that was available. [89] <> ko na kaji ko kuma makwarwa. [90]

#: He bought fish caught from the local rivers. [91] <> Kifi kuwa yana saya ne daga hannun masunta da suka kamo daga rafi. [92]

#: Restricted in amount but not variety, [93] <> Cornaro wanda ya rage yawan abincin da yake ci amma ba nau'in abincin ba, [94]

#: Cornaro claimed to have achieved “perfect health” up until his death more than 40 years later. [95] <> ya yi ikirarin cewa ya samu kyakkyawar rayuwa har zuwa mutuwarsa sama da shekara 40 bayan da ya rungumi wannan tsari. [96]

#: Although he changed his birthdate as he aged, [97] <> Ko da yake ya sauya ranar haihuwarsa lokacin da ya tsufa, [98]

#: claiming that he had reached his 98th year, [99] <> inda ya ce ya kai shekara 98, [100]

#: it is thought that he was around 84 when he died – [101] <> amma ana ganin yana wurin shekara 84 ne a lokacin da ya mutu- [102]

#: still an impressive feat in the 16th Century, a time when 50 or 60 years old was considered elderly. [103] <> duk da haka ya yi tsawon rayuwa sosai ganin cewa a karni na 16 ne lokacin da ake daukar mai shekara 50 zuwa 60 a matsayin tsoho. [104]

#: Cornaro was an interesting man but his findings are not to be taken as fact by any branch of science. [105] <> Tsarin na Cornaro yana da ban sha'awa amma kuma ba wani fage na kimiyya da ya dauki abin da ya gano a matsayin hujja kwakkwara. [106]

#: Even if he was true to his word and did not suffer ill health for nearly half a century, [107] <> Ko da kuwa kamar yadda ya ce ya dade kuma bai yi fama da wata larura ko laulayi na tsufa ba kusan tsawon shekara 50, [108]

#: which seems unlikely, he was a case study of one – [109] <> wanda kuma abu ne mai wuya hakan, amma duk da haka za a iya la'akari da shi, [110]

#: not representative of humans as a whole. [111] <> sai dai ba za a iya amfani da shi ba a matsayin misali na dukkanin mutane. [112]

#: But since a foundational study in 1935 in white rats, [113] <> Amma dai wani nazari na asali da aka yi a shekarar 1935 a kan fararen beraye, [114]

#: a dietary restriction of between 30-50% [115] <> ya nuna rage yawan abincin da suke ci da kusan tsakanin kashi 30 zuwa 50 cikin dari [116]

#: has been shown to extend lifespan, [117] <> ya sa sun samu karin tsawon rayuwa, [118]

#: delaying death from age-related disorders and disease. [119] <> ta hanyar jinkirta lokacin mutuwarsu daga laulayi da cutuka na tsufa. [120]

#: Of course, what works for a rat or any other laboratory organism might not work for a human. [121] <> To amma ba shakka ba lalle ba ne abin da ya yi aiki a kan bera ko wata dabba a ce ya yi a kan dan adam. [122]

#: It may sound obvious, but what you choose to put in your trolley can have a profound effect on the length and quality of your life [123] <> Idan aka takaita yawan abincin da wannan jinsin birin yake ci yana samun tsawon rayuwa [124]

#: Long-term trials, following humans [125] <> Yin wani gwaji na tsawon shekaru a kan tare da dan adam [126]

#: from early adulthood to death, are a rarity. “I don’t see a human study of longevity as something that would be a fundable research programme,” says Mattison. [127] <> tun daga farkon lokacin da ya girma zuwa mutum abu ne mai wahala idan ma har za a iya in ji Mattison. [128]

#: “Even if you start humans at 40 or 50 years old, you’re still looking at potentially 40 or 50 more years [[[of]] study].” [129] <> Domin idan ka fara gwaji da mutum yana tsakanin shekara 40 zuwa 50, kana da karin akalla wata shekara 40 ko 50 ko ma sama da haka. [130]

#: Plus, she adds, ensuring that extraneous factors – [131] <> Ga kuma wasu dabi'u da yanayi na rayuwar mutum da za su iya shafar sakamakon binciken; [132]

#: exercise, [133] <> misali motsa jiki [134]

#: smoking, [135] <> da shan taba [136]

#: medical treatments, [137] <> da yin maganin cutuka [138]

#: mental wellbeing – [139] <> da yanayin lafiyar kwakwalwa, [140]

#: don’t influence the trial’s end results is near impossible for our socially and culturally complex species. [141] <> wadanda dukka abubuwa ne da ba za ka iya raba mutum da su ba a tsawon wannan lokaci da kake bincike a kansa. [142]

#: That’s why, in the late 1980s, two independent long-term trials – [143] <> Wannan ne ya sa a kusan karshen shekarun 1980 aka shirya gudanar da wasu bincike guda biyu daban-daban na tsawon lokaci. [144]

#: one at NIA and the other at the University of Wisconsin – [145] <> Daya a NIA daya kuma a Jami'ar Wisconsin- [146]

#: were set up to study calorie restriction and ageing in Rhesus monkeys. [147] <> inda aka jarraba tsarin na rage yawan abincin da ake ci a kan birai jinsin da ake kira Rhesus da Ingilishi. [148]

#: Not only do we share 93% of our DNA with these primates, [149] <> Shi wannan jinsin biri bayan kusan kashi 93 cikin dari da kwayoyin halittarsa yake daidai da namu (mutane), [150]

#: we age in the same way too. [151] <> yanayin tsufanmu iri daya ne, yadda mutum ke tankwarawa (doro) da sakin fata da tsokar jiki da kuma furfura. [152]

#: Slowly, after middle age (around 15 years in Rhesus monkeys) the back starts to hunch, the skin and muscles start to sag, and, where it still grows, hair goes from gingery brown to grey. The similarities go deeper. [153] <> Kamannin suna da yawa da dan adam, yadda shi ma idan shekaru sun ja mutum ke gamuwa da matsalar cutar daji ko ta sukari da cutar zuciya. [154]

#: In these primates, the occurrence of cancer, diabetes, and heart disease increases in frequency and severity with age. “They’re an excellent model to study ageing,” says Rozalyn Anderson, a gerontologist from the University of Wisconsin. [155] <> Wannan nau'in biri ya dace sosai a yi amfani da shi wajen nazarin idan za a kwatanta da mutum in ji Rozalyn Anderson, ta jami'ar Wisconsin. [156]

#: And they’re easy to control. Fed with specially made biscuits, the diets of the 76 monkeys at the University of Wisconsin and the 121 at NIA are tailored to their age, weight, and natural appetite. All monkeys receive the full complement of nutrients and minerals that their bodies crave. It’s just that half of the monkeys, the calorie restricted (or CR) group, eat 30% less. [157] <> An gudanar da gwajin rage yawan abincin da ake ci da kashi 30 cikin dari a kan irin wadannan birran su 76 a Jami'ar Wisconsin inda aka samu irin wannan sakamakon na tsawon rayuwa. Ba tare da cutuka galibi da ke da alaka da tsufa ba. [158]

#: Take Sherman, a 43-year-old monkey from NIA. [159] <> Misali shi ne na wani biri da ake kira Sherman mai shekara 43 daga NIA. [160]

#: Mattison says that since being placed on the CR diet in 1987, aged 16, Sherman hasn’t shown any overt signs of hunger that are well characterised in his species. [161] <> Mattison ta ce tun lokacin da aka dora shi a kan irin wannan tsari na rage yawan abinci, kusan ya samu garkuwa daga abubuwan da ke da alaka da tsufa. [162]

#: Sherman is the oldest Rhesus monkey ever recorded, nearly 20 years older than the average lifespan for his species in captivity. [163] <> A shekara 20 da aka gudanar da gwajin a kan wadannan birrai kashi 13 cikin dari ne daga cikinsu kawai suka mutu a sanadiyyar abubuwan da suka shafi tsufa. [164]

#: As younger monkeys were developing diseases and dying, he seemed to be immune to ageing. [165] <> Yayin da wasu biran jinsinsa wadanda ba su kai shi shekaru ba suke kamuwa da cutuka suke mutuwa, shi kuwa kusan ba ya tsufa. [166]

#: In the ad libitum group, 37% had died, [167] <> Su kuwa birran da ba a dora su a wannan tsarin ba kashi 37 cikin dari ne suka mutu, [168]

#: nearly three times as many. [169] <> kusan linki uku kenan na wadancan. [170]

#: If ageing can be delayed, [171] <> To sai dai Anderson ta ce, idan har za a iya jinkirta tsufa, [172]

#: in other words, all of the diseases associated with it will follow suit. [173] <> to kenan duk cutukan da ke da alaka da tsufan za su iya bin sahu, [174]

#: “Going after each disease one at a time isn’t going to significantly extend lifespan for people [175] <> to amma tunkarar kowace cuta daya a lokaci daya ba zai iya kara tsawon rayuwar mutum ba, [176]

#: because they’ll die of something else,” says Anderson. [177] <> domin dai mutum zai iya mutuwa a sanadiyyar wani abin daban. [178]

#: “If you cured all cancers, [179] <> Misali idan ka yi maganin cutar daji gaba daya, [180]

#: you wouldn’t offset death [181] <> hakan ba yana nufin ka yi maganin mutuwa [182]

#: due to cardiovascular disease, [183] <> a sanadiyyar cutar bugun zuciya ba [184]

#: or dementia, [185] <> ko cutar kwakwalwa ta mantuwa ba. [186]

#: or diabetes-associated disorders. [187] <> ko cutar sukari [188]

#: Whereas if you go after ageing [189] <> To amma a daya bangaren idan ka yi maganin tsufa [190]

#: you can offset the lot in one go.” [191] <> hakan zai kasance ka yi maganin dukkanin sauran matsalolin (cutuka) a lokaci daya. [192]

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