bbchausa verticals/109 conscious ai

<small>--[[bbchausa_verticals/109_conscious_ai]]</small>

#	English [1] [2]	Hausa [3] [4]
1	The people who think AI might become conscious	Ƙirƙirarriyar basira ta AI za ta iya tunani kamar ɗan'adam?
	I step into the booth with some trepidation. I am about to be subjected to strobe lighting while music plays – as part of a research project trying to understand what makes us truly human. It's an experience that brings to mind the test in the science fiction film Bladerunner, designed to distinguish humans from artificially created beings posing as humans.	n/a
2	Could I be a robot from the future and not know it? Would I pass the test?	Shin zan iya zama butum-butumi nan gaba kuma zan iya sanin haka? Sannan zan iya tsallake gwajin?
	The researchers assure me that this is not actually what this experiment is about.	Masu bincike da ke ƙoƙarin gano me yadda ɗan'adam ke tunani sun tabbatar min cewa binciken bai tsaya nan ba.
	The device that they call the "Dreamachine", after the public programme of the same name, is designed to study how the human brain generates our conscious experiences of the world.	Wata na'ura da ake kira "Dreamachine" an ƙirƙiro ta ne domin sanin yadda ƙwaƙwalwar ɗan'adam ke sanin abin da ke faruwa da kuma masaniyar abu.
	As the strobing begins, and even though my eyes are closed, I see swirling two-dimensional geometric patterns. It's like jumping into a kaleidoscope, with constantly shifting triangles, pentagons and octagons. The colours are vivid, intense and ever-changing: pinks, magentas and turquoise hues, glowing like neon lights.	n/a
	The "Dreamachine" brings the brain's inner activity to the surface with flashing lights, aiming to explore how our thought processes work.	Na'urar na fito da yadda ƙwakwalwar ɗan'adam take tuna abu ta hanyar haska tocila, a ƙoƙarin gano yadda mutane ke yin tunani.
	Pallab trying the 'Dreamachine', which aims to find out how we create our conscious experiences of the world	Nan lokaci ne da Pallab ke gwada na'urar, wadda ke ƙoƙarin gano yadda muke sanin abubuwa da ke faruwa a duniya
	The images I'm seeing are unique to my own inner world and unique to myself, according to the researchers.	Hotuna da nake gani suna da kyau, a cewar masu binciken.
	They believe these patterns can shed light on consciousness itself.	Sun yi imanin cewa wannan hanyar za ta yi ƙarin haske kan yadda ƙwaƙwalwar ɗan'adam ke sanin abin da ke faruwa.
	They hear me whisper: "It's lovely, absolutely lovely. It's like flying through my own mind!"	Sun ji na yi raɗa: "Abu mai kyau ne, gaskiya yana da kyau. Kamar ina watayawa cikin zuciyata!"
	The "Dreamachine", at Sussex University's Centre for Consciousness Science, is just one of many new research projects across the world investigating human consciousness:	Na'urar wadda ke cibiyar sanin abin da ke faruwa a jami'ar Sussex, na ɗaya daga cikin sabbin ayyukan bincike da dama a faɗin duniya da ake gudanarwa, don sanin yadda ɗan'adam ke yin tunani ko sanin abin da ke faruwa:
	the part of our minds that enables us to be self-aware, to think and feel and make independent decisions about the world.	kama daga abin da zuciyarmu ke raɗa mana, da tunani da kuma jin abu har ma da ɗaukar matakai na ƙashin-kai kan duniya.
	By learning the nature of consciousness, researchers hope to better understand what's happening within the silicon brains of artificial intelligence.	Ta hanyar sanin haka, masu binciken na fatan ƙara fahimtar abin da ke faruwa da ƙwakwalwar ƙirƙirarriyar basira ta AI.
	Some believe that AI systems will soon become independently conscious, if they haven't already.	Wasu sun yi imanin cewa na'urorin AI za su zama suna sanin abin da ke faruwa da kashin kansu nan ba da jimawa ba, idan ma a ce ba su fara yanzu ba.
	But what really is consciousness, and how close is AI to gaining it?	Sai dai me ake nufi da sanin abin da ke faruwa ko kuma tunani, kuma AI ya kusa zuwa matakin ne?
	And could the belief that AI might be conscious itself fundamentally change humans in the next few decades?	Shin imanin da aka yi cewa AI zai zama mai sanin abubuwan da ke faruwa a duniya zai iya sauya ɗan'adam a shekaru masu zuwa?
	From science fiction to reality The idea of machines with their own minds has long been explored in science fiction. Worries about AI stretch back nearly a hundred years to the film Metropolis, in which a robot impersonates a real woman. A fear of machines becoming conscious and posing a threat to humans is explored in the 1968 film 2001: A Space Odyssey, when the HAL 9000 computer attacks astronauts onboard its spaceship. And in the final Mission Impossible film, which has just been released, the world is threatened by a powerful rogue AI, described by one character as a "self-aware, self-learning, truth-eating digital parasite".	Duniyar kimiyya zuwa rayuwar zahiri Ɓangaren kimiyya ya ɗauki lokaci yana bincike kan yadda ƙwakwalwar ɗan'adam ke tunani. An fara bincike kan fargabar da na'urorin zamani ke yi wa yadda ɗan'adam ke tunani ne tun a cikin wani fim a shekarar 1968 zuwa 2001: A fim ɗin mai suna Space Odyssey, an ga yadda aka yi ƙoƙarin kashe ƴan sama jannati a cikin kumbonsu. Haka ma a fim ɗin Mission Impossible, wani ɓangare da aka fitar a baya-bayan nan, ya nuna yadda AI ke yi wa duniya barazana, wanda aka kwatanta cewa "tunaninsa ba zai misaltu ba, ya san abin da ke faruwa da sauransu".	<small>--[[bbchausa_verticals/109_conscious_ai]]</small>
	But quite recently, in the real world there has been a rapid tipping point in thinking on machine consciousness, where credible voices have become concerned that this is no longer the stuff of science fiction. The sudden shift has been prompted by the success of so-called large language models (LLMs), which can be accessed through apps on our phones such as Gemini and Chat GPT. The ability of the latest generation of LLMs to have plausible, free-flowing conversations has surprised even their designers and some of the leading experts in the field. There is a growing view among some thinkers that as AI becomes even more intelligent, the lights will suddenly turn on inside the machines and they will become conscious. Others, such as Prof Anil Seth who leads the Sussex University team, disagree, describing the view as "blindly optimistic and driven by human exceptionalism". "We associate consciousness with intelligence and language because they go together in humans. But just because they go together in us, it doesn't mean they go together in general, for example in animals." So what actually is consciousness? The short answer is that no-one knows. That's clear from the good-natured but robust arguments among Prof Seth's own team of young AI specialists, computing experts, neuroscientists and philosophers, who are trying to answer one of the biggest questions in science and philosophy. While there are many differing views at the consciousness research centre, the scientists are unified in their method: to break this big problem down into lots of smaller ones in a series of research projects, which includes the Dreamachine. Just as the search to find the "spark of life" that made inanimate objects come alive was abandoned in the 19th Century in favour of identifying how individual parts of living systems worked, the Sussex team is now adopting the same approach to consciousness.	Sai dai a baya-bayan nan, an fara yin nazari kan yadda na'urori ke sanin abin da ke faruwa cikin sauri, har wasu ma na nuna damuwar cewa ba a san da irin abin ba saboda ya zarce sanin kimiyya. Hakan ya biyo sauyawa ko kuma nasara da wasu na'urorin harsuna suka samu, waɗanda ake iya saka su a kan wayoyi irinsu Gemini da kuma ChatGPT. Waɗanda suka samar da waɗannan na'urori sun fara yin mamaki kan yadda na'urorin ke sarrafa rubutu da zance. Mutane da dama na ganin cewa yayin da AI yake ƙara zama mai basira sosai, hasken da ke cikinsu zai ƙaru cikin na'urorin kuma za su fara sanin abubuwan da ke faruwa a duniya. Wasu, kamar farfesa Anil Seth wanda ke jagorantar tawagar binciken na jami'ar Sussex, bai aminta da zancen ba. "Muna alaƙanta sanin abin da ke faruwa da ɓangaren ilimi da kuma harshe saboda suna tafiya tare a wajen ɗan'adam. Sai dai duk da cewa suna tafiya kafaɗa da kafaɗa a wajen mu, ba ya nufin cewa a ko'ina haka suke, musamman a wajen dabbobi." Don haka me ake nufi da sanin abin da ke faruwa? Amsa a takaice shi ne babu wanda ya sani. Wannan yana cikin muhawara da tawagar Farfesa Seth mai ɗauke ƙwararru kan na'urorin AI suka yi, ciki har da masana kwamfuta da sauransu - waɗanda ke ƙoƙarin amsa babbar tambaya a ɓangaren kimiyya da kuma tunani. Yayin da aka samu mabambantan ra'ayoyi a cibiyar binciken, tsarin masana kimiyyar ɗaya yake: Ƙoƙarin warware wannan babbar matsala zuwa karama a cikin jerin ayyukan bincike, wanda ya kunshi na'urar Dreamachine.	<small>--[[bbchausa_verticals/109_conscious_ai]]</small>
	Researchers are studying the brain in attempts to better understand consciousness	Masu bincike na yin duba kan ƙwaƙwalwa a ƙoƙarinsu na fahimtar yadda take tunani	<small>--[[bbchausa_verticals/109_conscious_ai]]</small>
	They hope to identify patterns of brain activity that explain various properties of conscious experiences, such as changes in electrical signals or blood flow to different regions. The goal is to go beyond looking for mere correlations between brain activity and consciousness, and try to come up with explanations for its individual components. Prof Seth, the author of a book on consciousness, Being You, worries that we may be rushing headlong into a society that is being rapidly reshaped by the sheer pace of technological change without sufficient knowledge about the science, or thought about the consequences. "We take it as if the future has already been written; that there is an inevitable march to a superhuman replacement," he says. "We did not have these conversations enough with the rise of social media, much to our collective detriment. But with AI, it is not too late. We can decide what we want."	Masu binciken na fatan gano yadda ɓangarorin kwakwalwa ke aiki - don sanin yadda take gane abin da ke faruwa, kamar sauye-sauye a hanyoyin gudanar jini zuwa sassan jiki. Burin su shi ne ba wai duba dangantaka tsakanin yadda kwakwalwa ke aiki da kuma sanin abin da ke faruwa kaɗai ba, suna kuma son samar da bayanai kan ɓangarorinsa.	<small>--[[bbchausa_verticals/109_conscious_ai]]</small>
	Is AI consciousness already here? But there are some in the tech sector who believe that the AI in our computers and phones may already be conscious, and we should treat them as such. Google suspended software engineer Blake Lemoine in 2022, after he argued that AI chatbots could feel things and potentially suffer. In November 2024, an AI welfare officer for Anthropic, Kyle Fish, co-authored a report suggesting that AI consciousness was a realistic possibility in the near future. He recently told The New York Times that he also believed that there was a small (15%) chance that chatbots are already conscious. One reason he thinks it possible is that no-one, not even the people who developed these systems, knows exactly how they work. That's worrying, says Prof Murray Shanahan, principal scientist at Google DeepMind and emeritus professor in AI at Imperial College, London. "We don't actually understand very well the way in which LLMs work internally, and that is some cause for concern," he tells the BBC. According to Prof Shanahan, it's important for tech firms to get a proper understanding of the systems they're building – and researchers are looking at that as a matter of urgency. "We are in a strange position of building these extremely complex things, where we don't have a good theory of exactly how they achieve the remarkable things they are achieving," he says. "So having a better understanding of how they work will enable us to steer them in the direction we want and to ensure that they are safe."	Shin AI ya fara sanin abin da ke faruwa ko'ina? Wasu a ɓangaren fasaha waɗanda suka yi imanin cewa AI da ke cikin kwamfutocinmu da kuma wayoyinmu tuni watakila sun fara sanin abubuwan da ke faruwa, kuma ya kamata mu ɗauke su a haka. Google ta dakatar da wani masanin na'urori injiniya Blake Lemoine a 2022, bayan da ya kalubalanci cewa AI na iya jin abubuwa kuma za iya fuskantar cikas. A watan Nuwamban 2024, wani jami'in AI Kyle Fish, ya shiga cikin waɗanda suka wallafa rahoton da ke cewa da gaske ne ƙirƙirarriyar basira za ta iya sanin da ke faruwa da kuma tunani kamar ɗan'adam a nan gaba. A baya-bayan nan ya faɗa wa jaridar New York Times cewa ya yi imanin cewa akwai dama kaɗan (kashi 15) cewa na'urorin sun riga da sanin abin da ke faruwa. Dalili ɗaya da ya bayyana cewa hakan zai iya faruwa shi ne, babu wani mutun ko da waɗanda suka kirkiro da waɗannan na'urori, da suka san yadda suke aiki. Hakan abin damuwa ne, in ji Farfesa Murray Shanahan, babban masanin kimiyya a kwalejin Imperial da ke birnin Landan. "Ba mu san hakikanin yadda waɗanda na'urori ke aiki ta cikinsu ba, kuma hakan abin damuwa ne," kamar yadda ya faɗa wa BBC. A cewar Farfesa Shanahan, yana da muhimmanci ga kamfanonin fasaha su san hakikanin irin na'urorin da suke kirkirowa - masu bincike na yin duba kan haka a matsayin abin gaggawa. "Muna cikin wani yanayi na kirkirar abubuwa masu wuyar sha'ani, inda ta kai ba musan yadda suke samar da mafitar da suke nunawa ba ko yadda suke same shi," in ji shi. "Don haka fahimtar ainihin yadda suke aiki zai ba mu damar karkato su ta hanyar da muke so da kuma tabbatar da cewa ba su da haɗari."	<small>--[[bbchausa_verticals/109_conscious_ai]]</small>
	'The next stage in humanity's evolution' The prevailing view in the tech sector is that LLMs are not currently conscious in the way we experience the world, and probably not in any way at all. But that is something that the married couple Profs Lenore and Manuel Blum, both emeritus professors at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, believe will change, possibly quite soon. According to the Blums, that could happen as AI and LLMs have more live sensory inputs from the real world, such as vision and touch, by connecting cameras and haptic sensors (related to touch) to AI systems. They are developing a computer model that constructs its own internal language called Brainish to enable this additional sensory data to be processed, attempting to replicate the processes that go on in the brain.	'Babi na gaba a wanzuwar ɗan'adam' Kallon da ɓangaren fasaha ke yi shi ne waɗananan na'urori ba su kai ga fara sanin abin da ke faruwa ba ko kuma yadda muke kallon duniya. Sai dai wannan abu ne da wasu Farfesoshi ma'aurata a jami'ar Carnegir Mellon a Pittsburg, Farfesa Lenore da Mauel Blum ke ganin zai sauya, nan ba da jimawa ba. A cewar Blum, hakan zai sauya ne ganin cewa AI da wasu na'urori suna da abubuwa a cikinsu, ta hanyar saka musu kyamarori da abin tunani. Suna kuma kirkiro da wani harshe a cikin kwamfutoci, a ƙoƙarin kwaikwayo irin na kwakwalwar ɗan'adam.	<small>--[[bbchausa_verticals/109_conscious_ai]]</small>
	"We think Brainish can solve the problem of consciousness as we know it," Lenore tells the BBC. "AI consciousness is inevitable." Manuel chips in enthusiastically with an impish grin, saying that the new systems that he too firmly believes will emerge will be the "next stage in humanity's evolution". Conscious robots, he believes, "are our progeny. Down the road, machines like these will be entities that will be on Earth and maybe on other planets when we are no longer around". David Chalmers – Professor of Philosophy and Neural Science at New York University – defined the distinction between real and apparent consciousness at a conference in Tucson, Arizona in 1994. He laid out the "hard problem" of working out how and why any of the complex operations of brains give rise to conscious experience, such as our emotional response when we hear a nightingale sing. Prof Chalmers says that he is open to the possibility of the hard problem being solved. "The ideal outcome would be one where humanity shares in this new intelligence bonanza," he tells the BBC. "Maybe our brains are augmented by AI systems." On the sci-fi implications of that, he wryly observes: "In my profession, there is a fine line between science fiction and philosophy".	"Muna tunanin cewa hakan zai sauya matsalar sanin abin da ke faruwa kamar yadda muka san shi," in ji Lenore. "AI za su fara sanin abin da ke faruwa nan ba da jimawa ba a fahimtata." Manuel chips in enthusiastically with an impish grin, saying that the new systems that he too firmly believes will emerge will be the "next stage in humanity's evolution". Butum-butumi na cikin dangoginsu. Irin waɗannan na'urori za su kasance na tsawon lokaci a doron duniya watakila har da wasu duniyoyi lokacin da ba mu nan". Masanin Falsafa a jami'ar New York David Chalmers - ya ba da amsar abin da ya sani kan sanin abin da ke faruwa a zahiri da kuma baɗini a wani taro a birnin Arizona a 1994. Ya zayyano "babbar matsala" kan yadda kwakwalwa ke aiki da kuma tunanin abin da ke faruwa, kamar mayar da martani kan wani abin jimami. Farfesa Chalmers ya ce yana da zimmar ganin an kawo karshen wannan matsala. "Abin da zai fi dacewa shi ne ɗan'adam ya raba wannan sabon ilimi kyauta," kamar yadda ya faɗa wa BBC. "Watakila girman ƙwaƙwalenmu ya fi na AI."	<small>--[[bbchausa_verticals/109_conscious_ai]]</small>