View source for UMD NFLC Hausa Lessons/51 Mosquitoes and Insecticides

==Overview==
# Lesson Title: Mosquitoes and Insecticides-This is a report about scientific research regarding malaria.
# Language: Hausa
# Topic: Science/Technology
# ILR Level: 1+/2
# ACTFL Proficiency: Advanced-Mid, Advanced-Low, Intermediate-High; This ACTFL rating is an approximation based on the ILR level
# Modality: Reading
# Learning Objective: Maintenance & Improvement
# Subject Area: Language
# Material Type: LLO
# Publication Year: 2009
# ObjectID: T8RHA13

==Transcript==
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{| class="wikitable" border="1"
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! Original
! Translation
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Mother and Child Health 

A: Masu sauraronmu, barkarmu da sake saduwa a cikin wannan shiri na in kunne ya ji. 
A cikin shirin namu na yau, za mu tattauna ne da shahararan malamin nan na ɗarika Tijjaniyya, {Sheikh [Arabic]} Muhammadu Nasiru Adam, limamin masallacin {Sheikh [Arabic]} Ahamdu Tijjani da ke Ƙofar Mata a jihar Kano. Kuma za mu tattauna ne a game da rigakafi da ake gudanarwa, musamman ma ta rigakafin cutar foliyo. Ina tare 
da abokiyar aikina, Sa'aditu Idris Bello, wanda za mu gabatar da wannan shiri.
Na fara da tambayar {Sheikh [Arabic]} Muhammad Nasiru Adam, shin wace irin gudammawa malaman ɗarika Tijjaniyya ke bayarwa, wajen wayer wa da jama'a kai akan muhimmancin su bari a yi wa 'ya'yansu allurar rigakafin cutar foliyo.

B: Duk inda muƘaddamai na ɗ arika Tijjaniyya suke, suna yi wa mutane bayani akan 
su bari a yi wa 'ya'yansu allura ta foliyo. Babban shaida akan wannan, Sa'idu Hassan Sisi, kwanan nan ya zo mana a nan Kano, ya tabbatar wa kowa da cewa 'ya 'yansu, watau 'ya'yan Sayyadi Aliyu Sisi da 'ya'yan Shehu Ibrahim da manyan sahabbansa. 
Anai masu ita wannan allura ta foliyo a Ƙasar Sinigal. Saboda haka, mu duk inda muke, muna kira ga 'yan uwa, 'yan Tijjaniyya da sauran musulmi gaba ɗaya, da a bari 
a dinga yi wa yara, ita wannan allura ta foliyo, ba don kome ba. Sai dan yara su tasa … su tashi … da Ƙosarshiyar lafiya ko kuma isashiyar lafiya, su tashi nagartattu Larabawa suna cewa {“Al-aqnu as-salim fil -jism as-salim” [Arabic]}, watau tat.. tataccen hankali yana cikin jiki mai-lafiya.

C: Malam, ka san cewar a baya ana ta raɗeradin cewa akwai sunadarin da yake hana haihuwa a cikin wannan allura ta rigakafi. To, wane irin wayar da kan jama'a kuke cewa hakan ba gaskiya ba ne?

B: Mu a nan jihar Kano, gwamnatin jihar Kano ta hada wani … ah … haɗaɗɗen kwamiti wanda ya hada da kwararru likitoci na jihar Kano da kuma manya-manyan malamai 
na jihar Kano, musamman malamai na ɗarikar Tijjaniyya, akwai Shehu Malam Isma'ila Khalifa a ciki. Da suka dawo Ƙasashen, da suka je, suka zo suka tabbatar mana da cewa wannan kace- nace da ake faɗa, babu Ƙanshin gaskiya a cikinsa. Wannan allura ta foliyo ana yin ta ne saboda rigakafi na shan inna. Kuma babu illa a cikin wannan allura. Saboda haka, inaiwa mutane nasiha da a saki jiki a rinƘa, bari ana yi wa yara wannan allura ta foliyo.

A: Me yeye gasikiyar cewa za'a iya sa wani sanadari a wata allura cewa za ta iya hana mutum ya haihu?

B: Shi, sha'anin haihuwa, mu a Musulunci abin da Allah tabaraka wata'alah 
ya bayyana mana. Shi ne, Allah shi ke ba da baiwa, kyauta ta haihuwar 'ya mace 
ga wanda yake so. Ya ba da kyautar haihuwar ɗa na miji ga wanda yake so. Ya ba da kyautar haihuwar ɗa na miji da mace ga wanda yake so. Wanda Allah keso, sai ya maida shi bakararre.

A nan, duk wani maganin da za'a iya sha saboda ya hana haihuwa, ba zai iya hana haihuwa ba, sai idan Allah ba ya so a haihu. Bayani na biyu, akwai zancen azalo da ake yi a zamanin sahaban manzan Allah. Wannan azalo da ake yi, shi ne mutum ya sadu da matarsa, idan ya sadu da matarsa, watau ya yi inzali sai ya zubar da ruwan miniyinsa 
a wajen farjinta. Manzon, Allah ya ce ko kun yi wannan, idan Allah yana so ya samar 
da halittarsa, sai an haifu.

Saboda haka, a shari'a idan mutum yana kusantar matarsa, yanai mata azalo ta samu ciki, in ya ce ɗan ba nasa ba ne, ba za'a yarda ba. Ka ga wannan yana tabbatar mana 
da cewa maganin da zai hana haihuwa, sai idan Allah ya yarda.

C: Ke nan, Malam, duk ɗari-ɗari da mutane ke yi da wannan allura cewa za ta hana su haihuwa, ba shi da wani tushe a Musulunci?

B: Wannan shi ne tabbataccen abin da yake a Musulunci. kuma a aikace ka ce, Sayyadi Hassan Sisi ya gaya mana da ya zo cewa akwai wata mace akai mata allura wacce za ta hana ta haihuwa, amma matar data tashi daukar ciki sai ta ɗauki ciki na 'ya'ya huɗu, ta haife su, kuma suka rayu!

Kuma da yawa a nan an sha ganin wadanda za su sha maganin hana haihuwa, idan 'yayan … su … a suka … aka tashi haihuwar 'ya 'yan, sai a haife su da maganin a hannunsu, Sun riƘo maganin.

Saboda haka, abin da nake fata, mu Musulmi, kada mu makara, ya kamata mu tafi da zamani, amma mu tafi da zamani idonmu a bude. Kada Allah ya kawo mana rahama, mu tsaya, muna turewa, sai tafiya ta yi nisa, an tsere mana , kana za mu ce mu tarar da mutane. Wannan ba dabara ba ce.

Idan mun tuna lokacin da lantarki ya zo, haka akai ta fama da mutane. Lokacin da famfo ya zo, haka akai ta fama da mutane. Lokacin da ilimin boko ya zo, haka akai ta fama da mutane. 

To, wannan ba al'adan Musulmi wartsakakke ba ce. Duk abinda zai zo, ya kamata ka buɗa idonka, ka buɗa basirarka, ka buɗa Alkur'ani, ka buɗa hadisi. Babu abin da ba za ka samu a cikinsu ba. Allah ya ce ma {“Ma -farraƘana fil kitabi min shai'in” [Arabic]}, babu wani abin da babu a cikin Alkur'ani. Saboda haka, ina fata duk wasu abubuwa da za su kawo mana ci-baya, mu a Musulunci murinƘa kauce masu. Addinin Musulunci ba addinin ci-baya ba ne; addinin ci-gaba ne.

A: Masu sauraronmu, da wannan muka zo Ƙashen shirin na iN kunne ya ji na wannan mako. Sai a ci gaba da sauraronmu a mako na gaba, a madadin abokiyar aikina Sa'aditu Idris Bello, naku Muhammadu Salisu Rab'iu ke cewa a yi sauraro lafiya. Duka-duka dai nan muka kawo Ƙarshen duk abubuwan da za mu iya kawo muku a wannan satin. Amadadin duk waɗanda akaji miryoyinsu ni Sani umar ke muku sallama, ku kasance cikin Ƙoshin lafiya.
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Mother and Child Health

A: Welcome to our listeners for tuning in again to hear this program, “If the Ear Hears.” In our broadcast for today, we are going to be chatting with the well-known Tijjaniya scholar, Sheikh Muhammadu Nasiru Adam, who is imam of the Sheikh Ahamdu Tijjani mosque at K’ofar Mata in Kano State. And we will be talking about administering an immunization program, specifically for the prevention of polio. I’m joined by my colleague Sa’adatu Idris Bello, with whom we will present this program.
I began by asking Sheikh Muhammadu Nasiru Adam what kind of assistance the Tijjaniya brotherhood has given to informing the public as to the importance of allowing their children to get vaccinated against polio.

B: Wherever there are Tijjani representatives, they provide an explanation to people about allowing their children to get the polio vaccine. The main witness for this, Sa’idu Hassan Sisi, came to us here in Kano today to confirm to everyone that their own children, that is the children of Sayyadi Aliyu Sisi and of Shehu Ibrahim and his close associates, had gotten this polio vaccine in Senegal. On this account, wherever we are, we call on our Tijjaniya brothers and sisters and all other Muslims, to again let the children receive this polio vaccine, with the express purpose that the children will grow up in full health and goodness, as the Arabic saying goes, “Al-aqnu as-salim fil -jism as-salim” [Arabic], that is, coaxing caution is part of a healthy body.

C: Malam, you know that previously there was persistent rumor that there was an ingredient which prevented childbirth in this vaccination shot. So, what kind of public outreach did you do to say that this was not true?

B: We here in Kano State, the Kano State government put together a joint committee that brought together medical experts in Kano State and the top scholars in Kano State, particularly Tijjaniyya scholars – Shehu Malam Isma’ila Khalifa was among them. When they returned to their countries, they went out and now they came to assure us that there is not a grain of truth to this chatter that is being circulated. This polio vaccine is used in order to prevent a contagious disorder. The disorder itself is not in the vaccine. Therefore, I am advising people to relax and keep on allowing their children to get this polio vaccine.

A: Is it true that one could put an ingredient into this vaccine that could prevent a person from giving birth?

B: This business of giving birth, we in Islam say that God blesses whom he will. And so, God has given a gift, the giving birth to little girls as he wishes it. He has given the gift of giving birth to a son to a man and his wife as he wishes it. And whoever God wants, he can make sterile. 

Now, whatever medicine that one could take to prevent childbirth, it wouldn’t prevent childbirth except if God does not want a birth. A second explanation: there is an old method that was used in the time of the associates of God’s messenger. This method that was used was that a man courts his wife, and when he courts his wife, he has an orgasm whereby he empties his sperm outside of her vagina. God’s messenger said that if you do this, and if God wants to produce his creation, then one will give birth.
Because of this, in law, if a man approaches his wife and uses this method, then says the child is not his, it will not be allowed. So you see, this confirms to us that the only medicine that will prevent childbirth is what God allows.

C: Then, Malam, all the talk that people have made that this vaccine would prevent them from having children, does it not have any basis in Islam?

B: This is an outstanding thing in Islam. And in practice you say, Sayyadi Hassan Sisi told us that there was a certain woman who was given a shot to prevent her from giving birth, but the woman became pregnant, and gave birth to four children, and they all survived! 

And we are seeing a lot of people here who have taken birth control pills, and when their children … are … when they grow up to bear children, they are born with the pills in their hands: they retain the medicine.

Therefore, what I hope is that we Muslims will not fall behind. We must go with the times, but we should go with the times with our eyes open. Lest, God bring us mercy, we stand up and push away, then the journey will be far and they will overtake us. Let’s not say we would overtake these people. That is not resourceful.

If we remember when electricity was installed, we had the same controversy. When water pumps were introduced, we had the same problem; same when Western education was started, a lot of people resisted it. 

This is not enlightened Muslim custom. Every new thing that comes along, you must open your eyes to it and open your insight to it. You must open the Kor’an and open the hadiths to it. There’s nothing that you can’t find in them. As God says, “Ma-farrak’ana fil kitabi min shai’in” [Arabic], there is nothing that is not in the Kor’an. Therefore, I hope all these things that would bring us backwards, we Muslims would consider avoiding them. The religion of Islam is not a backward religion; it is a progressive religion.

A: Dear listeners, with that we have come to the end of the program, “If the Ear Hears,” for this week. Please continue to listen to us next week. With thanks to my co-worker Sa’adatu Idris Bello, this is your host, Muhammadu Salisu Rab’iu, saying happy listening. With this, we bring to an end everything that we will bring you this week. On behalf of all those whose voices you heard, I am Sani Umar, bidding peace and full health to all of you.
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==Glossary==
{| class="wikitable"
! Hausa
! Hausa Meaning
! English Meaning
|-
|Ƙosarshiyar  lafiya.
|Cikkakiyar lafiya.
|Good health
|-
|Sinigal
|Sunan wata ƙasa ta yammacin Afirka
|The west African country of Senegal
|-
|A saki jiki
|A yarda - a fitar da tsoro ko shakka.
|Have confidence.
|-
|Ci baya
|Ja baya - rashin ci gaba.
|Stay behind.
|-
|Yin ɗari-ɗari
|Sa shakka kahin ayi wani abu.
|Hesitate
|-
|wartsakakke
|Mutum mai cikakken hankali
|A sane person
|}

==Notes==

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! Hausa Notes
! English Notes
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Cutar foliyo tana yaɗuwa da sauri, kuma mayawancin lokaci yara ne suke kama ta. An fitar da shasshawar foliyo tun 1955. Ba a samun cutar cikin ƙasashe masu ci gaban masana'antu a hali yanzu amma an same ta cikin wasu ƙasashe kamar Najeriya, da Nijer a yammacin Afirka.
An samu wasu tsegumguka bisa ga nagartar shasshawar saboda wasu mayyan Malamai na Nijeriya sun ce akwai wani lahani cikin ta.da yake hana haihuwa. Haka kuma sun yi kira ga Musulmi su yi dagiya ga shasshawar. Dagiyar kuma ta makarkartar da ƙoƙarin da Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya take yi don a kawar da cutar. Manyan Musulman likitoci daga arewaccin Najeriya sun sa hannu cikin yaki da jahilci da an yi don a nuna nagartar shasshawar ga jama'a.
Anfani da harshen larabci yana ƙara tasiri ga maganar Malamin don yana nuna sanin shi.
|
Polio is an extremely contageous disease that usually hits children. The polio vaccine has been out since 1955. Although it has been eradicated in developed countries, remaining pockets have been reported in some countries among which are Nigeria and Niger in West Africa.

There were speculations about the safety of the vaccine because some Nigerian Muslim clerics made a statement casting doubt on the government's motives for vaccination back in 2003. They believed the vaccine could cause sterility and urged Muslims to resist immunization, thereby hindering UNICEF and WHO's effort to eradicate the disease. Top Muslim doctors from the predominently Muslim northern region of Nigeria were involved in campaigns to reassure people about the quality of the vaccine.

The Arabic citations reinforce the religious influence of the speaker and his credibility.
|}
CONTENT SOURCE:  Presenter (Mohammed Salisu Rabi'u); Sheikh Mohammed Nasir Adam (An Islamic scholar and maternal heal (2007 January 27). Mother and Child Health. Washington, D.C.: Voice of America, Hausa Service.

Objective:
Demonstrate your core comprehension.

Content description:
This interview discusses the relationship between religion and public health in the case of polio in Nigeria, especially relating to skepticism about the vaccine.


==XML==
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<activity>
   <problemset>
      <problem correctindex="0">
         <choices>
            <opt>
               <eng-response>In this interview, a distinguished religious cleric explains why the Tijjanyya sect is joining the immunization campaign to eradicate polio. He teaches the importance of health, depicting reproduction as divine. He objects to the attitude prevailing among some teachers who confuse spiritual and scientific progress, instead explaining reproduction from a religious point of view that excludes the possible sterility caused by the polio vaccine. In an eloquent way, with references to the Koran and the results of consultations with other enlightened Muslims, he draws attention to the necessity of following scientific progress along side with a good knowledge of the Scriptures for a healthier life.</eng-response>
               <response>A cikin wannan tattaunawa, wani sannanen malami na ɗarika Tijjaniya, yana bayyana hujjojin da suka sa su bada gudunmawa ga aikin rigakafi da cuta foliyo. Yana koya wa jama'a mahimmacin kulla da lafiya ta wurin ba haihuwa darajar da Allah ya sa mata.Yana nuna rashin yarda da koyarsuwar koma baya da wasu malamai suke yi wa jama'a. Ya nuna
yadda haifuwa take daga wurin Allah ne, kuma allurar rigakafi ba ta hana ta. Da misalai na wasu Musulmi, da aya daga Alƙur'ani, ya jawo hankalin mutane ga lura da ci gaba cikin ilimin kimiyya, a ƙara shi ga ibada don yana da kyau ga rayuwa.</response>
               <fdbk>Wannan daidai ne! Ana bayyana yadda  mai maganar ya yi anfani da missalai  kuma da baiti domin ya ƙarfafa jawabinshi a matsayinshi na malami.Misalin matar da ta haifi yara huɗu, ko jarirrai da ake haifuwa da ƙwayar magani a hannu; kuma anfani da hadisai suna cikin hanhoyin da ya bi domin shi tabbatar da jawabinshi.</fdbk>
               <eng-fdbk>Correct! The speaker supports his arguments with facts: the example of woman giving birth after having a birth control shot, or babies being born with pills in their hands among others. He refers to the teachings of the Koran with citations to inspire confidence.</eng-fdbk>
            </opt>
            <opt>
               <eng-response>In this interview, a religious leader argues against the resistance to a polio immunization campaign that could help insure the well being of a Muslim society by freeing it of polio. He supports his arguments on the safety of the vaccine, believed to be used to sterilize Muslims, by using the experience of other Muslims. In an educational manner, he tries to convince fellow Muslims to refer to the Koran, which he depicts as a source of compiled information that covers all aspects of life. Resistance to the eradication effort is not beneficial to people and contrary to the teaching of the Koran because the religion itself is not against scientific progress, he said.</eng-response>
               <response>Wani babban malami yana muhawara bisa ga dagiyar da aka samu kan kamfe na rigakafi da cuta foliyo, har da kamfen tana iya kawar da cutar, da  bada cikkakiyar lahiya ga jama'a Musulmi. Yana nuna lafiyar allurar daga shaida kan wasu yara da mata, ba kamar yadda aka yi tsammani ba da cewa ana yin ta don hana haifuwa.Da koyarsuwa kuma, yana shawo kan Musulmi ga karanta Alƙur'ani domin su ƙara saninsu a kowane fanni na rayuwa saboda komi yana cikinshi.Yana cewa kuma, dagiya ga ƙoƙarin tsaida cutar ba anfani ne ga kowa ba, kuma bai cancanta da koyarsuwar Alƙur'ani ba domin musilinci ba ya ƙin ci gaba a fannin ilimi kimiyya ba.</response>
               <fdbk>A'a ba daidai ba ne! Ƙara tunani bisa farkon tattaunawar. Minene ya ke faruwa ga kamfe na rigakafin? Ta tsaya ne domin yawancin Musulmi ba su amince da shasshawar ba?</fdbk>
               <eng-fdbk>Incorrect! Please think about the beginning of the interview. What do you think about the progress of the immunization campaign? Is it at a standstill because most Muslims do not trust the vaccine?</eng-fdbk>
            </opt>
            <opt>
               <eng-response>The focus of this interview is the differences of opinion on vaccines in the Muslim community. A coalition of doctors and scholars is trying to convince skeptics about the importance of promoting health education in order to fight diseases like polio. A respected cleric denounces the lack of interest in science and technology on the part of the majority of Muslims. He encourages all believers to look at progress from a religious point of view, and see the Koran as the only answer to any question they might have.</eng-response>
               <response>Ma'anar wannan tattaunawa ita ce nuna banbancin ra'ayi da musulmi suke da shi bisa allurar rigakafi. Wanni kwamiti da ya ƙunshi likitoci da manyan malamai yana ƙoƙari ya shawo kanun jama'a
masu shakka bisa allurar, da su yi yaƙi da jahilcin rashin kiyaye lahiya domin a tsaida cutoci kamar foliyo. Wani sannanen malami ya yi muhawara da cewa akwai rashin sa kai ga ilimin kimiyya da fasaha daga wurin yawancin musulmai.Ya kuma kira ga muminai da su yi tattalin ci gaba kamar yadda addini ya nufa domin  duk iyakar abun da za su biɗa, ana zancen shi cikin Alƙur'ani.</response>
               <eng-fdbk>Incorrect! Please listen to the introduction of the interview. What important detail is not reflected in the summary? Are Muslims against all vaccines in this context?</eng-fdbk>
               <fdbk>A'a ba daidai ba ne! A ƙara saurara gabatawar tattaunawar. Wane mahimmin abu ne ba a yi maganarsa ba a nan? Ana ganin cewa da duka allurai suna da aibu a idon Musulmi cikin wannan hira?</fdbk>
            </opt>
         </choices>
      </problem>
   </problemset>
   <instr type="eng">INSTRUCTIONS:
Choose the best summary.</instr>
   <instr type="target">Umurni:Zaɓi taƙaitawa mafi dacewa.</instr>
   <finish>What could be the cause of resistance to immunization in Nigeria?</finish>
   <finishtl>A ganin ku minene dalilin dagiya ga rigakafi cikin Nijeriya?</finishtl>
   <finish>Do you think the polio experience in Nigeria will help fight other diseases with vaccines in the future? How can the knowledge be used?</finish>
   <finishtl>Kuna tsammani wannan guguwa ta foliyo ta iya sauƙaƙa yaƙi da wasu cutoci a Nijeriya nan gaba? Yaya za a aiki da abin da aka gani?</finishtl>
   <finishtl>Minene ra'ayi ku a kan rashin yardar wasu Musulmi da shasshawar? Ko kun shawarce su da yin anfani da maganin gargajiya? Donmi?</finishtl>
   <finish>What do you think about some Muslims doubtful attitudes towards the vaccine? Would you suggest traditional medicine as an alternative in this case? Why?</finish>
</activity>

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[[Category:UMD NFLC Hausa Lessons]]