bbchausa verticals/054 helicopter airliners

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#: Why helicopter airliners haven’t happened – yet [1] <> Abin da ya sa babu kamfanonin zirga-zirgar jiragen helikwafta [2]

#: Helicopter airliners could save us time and lessen the need for building expensive airports. [3] <> Kamfanonin zirga-zirgar jiragen helikwafta za su iya rage mana asarar lokaci da bukatar gina filayen sauka da tashin jiragen sama masu tsada. [4]

#: So why don’t we have them? [5] <> Toh Me ya sa bamu da su? [6]

#: Airports are expensive things to build. [7] <> Filayen saukar jiragen sama na da tsadar ginawa. [8]

#: And they require vast amounts of space, [9] <> Kuma su na bukatar manya manyan filaye, [10]

#: enough for all the runways and hangars, [11] <> domin samar da titunan tashi, da gareji, [12]

#: terminals and luggage depots, [13] <> da wuraren jiran fasinja, [14]

#: parking and other services needed to keep us in the air. [15] <> da wuraren ajiye kayayyaki, da dai sauran abubuwan da ake bukata domin inganta sufurin sama. [16]

#: They create an enormous amount of noise too – [17] <> Haka kuma su na samar da hayaniya mai yawa – [18]

#: this was even more of an issue during the great civil aviation boom of the 1950s and 60s, [19] <> abinda ya zamo babbar barazana a shekarun 1950 da 1960, [20]

#: when travelling by plane suddenly became within the reach of ordinary people. [21] <> lokacin da sufurin jiragen sama ya zamo ruwan dare gama duniya tsakanin talakawa da mawadata. [22]

#: Aircraft makers [23] <> Kamfanonin kera jiragen sama [24]

#: filled this need to fly with jet airliners that could take people [25] <> sun biya wannan bukatar ne [26]

#: to faraway climes safely and comfortably – [27] <> ta hanyar kera jiragen da za su iya kwasar mutane masu yawa zuwa wurare masu nisa cikin aminci da jin dadi – [28]

#: but being quiet wasn’t one of the considerations. [29] <> amma sam ba su lura da irin karar da jiragen ke fitarwa ba. [30]

#: So why didn’t helicopters – [31] <> To me ya hana helikwafta – [32]

#: which were much quieter than the earliest generation of jet airliners, [33] <> wadanda sun fi jiragen farko saukin kara, [34]

#: and which can take off and land vertically on a fraction of the space needed for conventional aircraft – [35] <> kuma su ka sauka da tashi kai tsaye ba tare da bukatar titin zura wa da gudu kamar sauran jirage ba – [36]

#: fly in to plug the gap? [37] <> su iya cike wannan gibi? [38]

#: It may seem like an ingenious solution – [39] <> Da za’a samu hakan da abu ya yi kyau – [40]

#: imagine taking a flight to the south of France from a heliport in the centre of the city. [41] <> kaddara tashi zuwa ga kudancin Faransa daga helikwafta a tsakiyar birnin London. [42]

#: Unfortunately, creating something that marries the flexibility of a helicopter with the passenger capacity of an airliner has been a monumental struggle. [43] <> Sai dai kuma, kirkiro wani abu da ya hada saukin sarrafawa irin na helikwafta da kuma kwasar adadin fasinjoji irin na jirgin sama ya zama gawurtaccen aiki. [44]

#: but as technology improves we may find solutions to overcome the problems. [45] <> Kawo yanzu fasahar kere-keren zamani ta gaza shawo kan wannan matsalar. [46]

#: Short, stubby and deafening [47] <> Gajere, lukuti, mai kashe kunnuwa [48]

#: There was one aircraft that got closer than most – [49] <> Akwai wani jirgi da ya kusa cimma wannan buri – [50]

#: it even flew. [51] <> don har ma ya tashi. [52]

#: The Fairey Rotodyne was a late 1950s attempt to design the helicopter airliner. [53] <> Jirgin Fairey Rotodyne, wani yunkuri ne da aka yi a shekarun 1950 na samar da kamfanin zirga-zirgar jiragen helikwafta. [54]

#: It had a giant rotor on top of the fuselage, [55] <> Ya na da katuwar fanka a samansa, [56]

#: and a pair of short stubby wings, [57] <> da wasu gajerun fikafikai [58]

#: which each carried a jet engine that powered propellers and helped generate lift for the main rotor. [59] <> masu dauke da injinan da ke juya farfelar da ke taimakawa fankar saman jirgin. [60]

#: The Rotodyne was intended to host as many as 40 passengers. [61] <> An tsara jirgin na Rotodyne ne domin daukar fasinjoji 40. [62]

#: The Rotodyne was designed a few years after jet airliners had entered service. [63] <> An samar da Rotodyne shekaru kadan bayan da aka fara jigilar jiragen sama. [64]

#: Already, the space needed for airports was becoming an issue. [65] <> Tun lokacin an fara fuskantar kalublen wuraren da za’a yi filayen saukar jiragen. [66]

#: But, as the Royal Aeronautical Society’s Mike O’Donoghue says, [67] <> Sai dai kamar yadda Mike O’Donoghue na cibiyar kwararru kan fasahar jiragen sama ta kasar Burtaniya ya bayyana, [68]

#: there were serious technical issues its creators found impossible to overcome. [69] <> akwai kalubalen fasaha masa dama da masu kera jirgin su ka kasa shawo kansu. [70]

#: The noise was indescribable, I’m told – Mike O’Donoghue, Royal Aeronautical Society [71] <> O’Donoghue ya ce makeran Rotodyne sun bullo da sabuwar fasahar rike jirgi a sama bayan tashinsa. [72]

#: “The Rotodyne was a gyrodyne [73] <> “Rotodyne na sauka da tashi kamar ungulu ne [74]

#: vertical lift was produced by the rotor blades which were driven by tip-mounted jet thrust nozzles. [75] <> ta hanyar amfani da fila-filan fankar samansa, wadanda ake sarrafa su ta hanyar wasu kananan hanyoyin tunkudo iska. [76]

#: They were supplied with hot air from the main engines piped through the rotor blades. [77] <> Su na samun zazzafar iska ne daga injinunan jirgin. [78]

#: As the aircraft gathered forward speed, [79] <> Yayin da jirgin ya fara yin gaba, [80]

#: this jet thrust to the rotor blades was reduced. [81] <> sai a rage karfin iskar da ake tunkudawa zuwa ga fila-filan fankar. [82]

#: The Rotodyne was then propelled through the air by forward facing engines.” [83] <> Daga nan sai injinunan da ke fuskantar gaba su ci gaba da tafiyar da jirgin a sararin samaniya.” [84]

#: They envisioned an aircraft you could board near the centre of London that could whisk you to a heliport on the outskirts of Paris. [85] <> Nufinsu shi ne jirgin ya rika tashi daga tsakiyar birnin London zuwa ga bayan garin birnin Paris. [86]

#: But there was one major problem – colossal noise. [87] <> Amma fa akwai wata gagarumar matsala – masifaffiyar kara. [88]

#: “The noise was indescribable, I’m told. [89] <> “An gaya min cewa, ba za’a iya kwatanta tsananin kararsa ba. [90]

#: You could be two miles away from it and hardly carry on a conversation over the noise,” says O’Donoghue. [91] <> Ba za ku iya daga murya ku tattauna da juna ba tun daga nisan mil biyu da jirgin,” in ji O’Donoghue. [92]

#: “If you have a really noisy machine and you want to take it into the middle of the city, that’s not a very good plan.” [93] <> “Ga jirgin da ya ke da niyyar tashi daga tsakiyar cikin gari, wannan matsananciyar karar mummunar matsala ce.” [94]

#: The Rotodyne never got any orders and the project was scrapped. [95] <> Babu kamfanin da ya sayi Rotodyne don haka aka hakura da shi. [96]

#: But the idea of an aircraft that is part-helicopter and part-airplane has never gone away. [97] <> Amma tun daga lokacin ake kokarin samar da na’urar jigilar fasinja a sararin sama, wacce rabinta helikwafta ce rabinta jirgin sama. [98]

#: As technology has improved, engines have become quieter and more efficient. [99] <> Ci gaban fasahar kere-kere ya sa injina sun rage kara kuma sun kara ingancin aiki. [100]

#: The main emphasis has been on tiltrotor technology – [101] <> Inda aka mai da hankali shi ne fasahar sarrafa fankar jirgi kasa da sama – [102]

#: in which an aircraft’s rotors or the wings on which they’re housed can be tilted forward or up. [103] <> wato yadda za’a iya daga fankar ko kuma fiffiken da fankar take zuwa sama ko kuma gaba. [104]

#: Tilted up, they allow the aircraft to take off or land vertically, [105] <> Idan aka daga su sama, sai su ba jirgi damar tashi da sauka kai tsaye kamar ungulu, [106]

#: tilted forward they help the aircraft fly faster through the air. [107] <> idan kuma aka jirga su gaba, sai jirgin ya kara saurin keta hazo. [108]

#: As BBC Future has reported before, the physical limitation on how fast a helicopter can fly [109] <> Sai dai kuma kawo yanzu an kasa kara saurin tafiyar da helikwafta ke iya yi a sama, [110]

#: has been another big reason why it hasn’t taken over as a short-haul airliner. [111] <> abinda ya jawo tsaiko ga karbuwarsa a matsayin jirgin jigilar fasinja. [112]

#: The most famous example of this kind of technology is the Boeing V-22, [113] <> Mafi shaharar misalin irin wannan fasaha shi ne jirgin soji na Boeing V-22, [114]

#: a military aircraft currently in service with the US Marine Corp and Navy, and even the US presidential flight [115] <> wanda rundunar jiragen ruwa da na fadar shugaban kasar Amurka ke amfani da shi [116]

#: (though the president himself is not cleared to fly in one yet because of its safety record). [117] <> (koda yake dai shi shugaban kasar Amurka ba a yi masa izinin shiga jirgin ba saboda hadurran da aka samu a samfurin Boeing V-22 din). [118]

#: Dominic Perry, news editor of Flight International magazine, says helicopter maker AgustaWestland [119] <> Dominic Perry, editan labarai na mujallar Flight International ya ce kamfanin kirar helikwafta mai suna AgustaWestland [120]

#: (now Leonardo) [121] <> (wanda yanzu ya koma Leonardo) [122]

#: has unveiled plans for a new civilian tiltrotor in a project called Next Generation Civil Tilt Rotor (NGCTR). [123] <> ya bayyana shirinsa na kera wani sabon jirgin da ake sarrafa fankasa kasa da sama, domin jigilar fasinja karkashin wani shiri mai taken NGCTR. [124]

#: “That’s going to be a 20-person aircraft that should be able to cruise at more than 300mph, [125] <> “Jirgi ne da zai ce mutane 20 kuma ya yi tafiya mai saurin mil 300 a sa’a daya, [126]

#: and is expected to have its first flight in 2021,” says Perry. [127] <> inda ake sa ran zai fara aiki a 2021,” in ji Perry. [128]

#: The project has been partly funded by the European Commission [129] <> Hukumar tarayyar Turai ce ta dauki nauyin shirin [130]

#: in a step toward the kind of aircraft the Rotodyne was envisaged to be. [131] <> domin samar da samfurin jirgin da aka kudirci kerawa lokacin da aka kera Rotodyne. [132]

#: Another design, says Perry, is the Karem Aerotrain. [133] <> Wani samfurin kuma, in ji Perry, shi ne Karem Aerotrain. [134]

#: The Aerotrain’s fuselage looks very much like that of a conventional turboprop airliner you might see flying shorter routes, [135] <> Gangar jikin Aerotrain ta yi kama da siffar jiragen sama da aka saba gani su na jigilar fasinja, [136]

#: but its propellers tilt up or forward, just like the NGCTR. [137] <> amma fankarsa kan daga sama ko gaba, kamar dai irin ta NGCTR. [138]

#: “The Aerotrain is a 737-sized tiltrotor, [139] <> “Aerotrain jirgi ne da aka sarrafa fankarsa sama ko gaba, wanda girmansa ya kai na 737, [140]

#: which they claim will give passengers more of an airliner-style experience and capability, but will still be able to take off and land vertically.” [141] <> wanda zai bayar da yanayi irin na jiragen saman da aka saba da su amma kuma zai iya tashi da sauka kai tsaye kamar ungulu.” [142]

#: It’s a bold design, and one that may be too big to be feasible, [143] <> Koda yake ba lallai ba ne wannan shirin ya yi nasara ba, [144]

#: but Perry adds that Karem has a good track record in creating aircraft that go against accepted practice – [145] <> Perry ya bayyana cewa Abraham Karem ya saba kirkiro jiragen da suka saba wa tunanin abinda ake ganin zai yiwu. [146]

#: designer Abraham Karem is responsible for the jet-powered Predator drone widely used by the US military. [147] <> Abraham Karem shi ne ya kera jirgin Predator mara matuki kuma mai amfani da injin jet wanda rundunar sojin Amurka ke amfani da shi. [148]

#: The Aerotrain was first unveiled in 2001 and has not yet flown; [149] <> A 2001 a gabatar da shirin Aerotrain amma kawo yanzu bai kai ga tashi ba. [150]

#: Perry says once the technology becomes advanced enough so that it can fly as efficiently as an airliner, [151] <> A cewar Perry in dai har fasahar kere-kere ta yi ci gaban da zai iya tashi cikin sauki kamar sauran jiragen sama, [152]

#: it could become a viable alternative. [153] <> zai iya zama karbabben sauyi. [154]

#: A close shave [155] <> Babbar matsala [156]

#: There’s one big issue with these tiltrotors. [157] <> Sai dai kuma akwai wata babbar matsala tattare da jiragen da ake iya sarrafa fankokinsu. [158]

#: The propeller blades needed to keep the aircraft in the air are huge. [159] <> Fila-filan da ake bukata a fankokin maka-makan gaske ne matuka gaya. [160]

#: “They’re whirring very close to the aircraft’s fuselage,” says Perry. [161] <> “Su na kuma juyawa ne daf da gangar jikin jirgin,” in ji Perry. [162]

#: “What happens when it loses a blade in the middle of a flight?” [163] <> “Me zai faru inda filfilwa daya ta cire daga jikin fankar jirgin ana cikin tafiya a sama?” [164]

#: Passengers might not feel very comfortable [165] <> Fasinjoji ba za su samu kwanciyar hankali ba [166]

#: with massive propeller blades [167] <> idan su ka ga irin wannan gagarumar filfilwa [168]

#: chopping through the air only a few feet away. [169] <> ta yanko daga jikin jirginsu ta na walagigi a sararin samaniya. [170]

#: O’Donoghue says that one of the big problems facing such designs is cost – [171] <> O’Donoghue ya ce wata babbar matsalar da ke fuskantar irin wadannan jiragen ita ce ta kudin kera su – [172]

#: the complications of tilting wings or rotors makes them much more expensive than a conventional aircraft of the same size. [173] <> fasahar sarrafa fukafikai ko fankokinsu ya sa sun fi jiragen sama masu girmansu tsada kwarai da gaske. [174]

#: “The economics are so important,” he says. [175] <> Ya ce “Farashin ya na da muhimmanci. [176]

#: “I think whatever you come up with will only be able to take on the small-to-medium distance routes.” [177] <> Ina ganin duk irin helikwaftan jigilar fasinjan da za’a samar ba zai wuce mai gajere zuwa matsakaicin zango ba.” [178]

#: Trying to build a massive airliner that can carry hundreds of passengers and can still take off and land like a helicopter is too daunting a task. [179] <> Yunkurin kera tika-tikan jiragen saman da za su yi jigilar daruruwan fasinjoji kuma su iya tashi kai tsaye kamar ungulu abu ne mai kamar wuya. [180]

#: That hasn’t stopped some designers from coming up with futuristic concepts for much bigger vertical take-off airliners – [181] <> Hakan bai hana wasu masu taswirar jirage samar da samfuran manyan jiragen sama masu saukar ungulu ba – [182]

#: one of which is the hypothetical ‘Airbus A350H’ by Italian designer Victor Uribe. [183] <> daya daga cikinsu shi ne samfurin ‘Airbus A350H’ da masanin taswirar jirage dan kasar Italiya, Victor Uribe ya wassafa. [184]

#: The spaceship-like Airbus concept does away with rotors and instead lifts off using engines that lie on the underneath of the airliner. [185] <> Airbus din mai kama da kirar jiragen ‘yan sama-jannati zai tashi ne ta hanyar wani inji dake ingiza shi daga kasan gangar jikinsa maimakon amfani da fanka. [186]

#: Unfortunately, we don’t yet have engines that could lift such a heavy aircraft into the air, at least not vertically. [187] <> Matsalar ita ce, a yanzu bamu da wata na’ura da za ta iya cicciba abu mai nauyi kamar jirgi zuwa sararin samaniya ba. [188]

#: Meanwhile, Boeing has been working with the US defence research agency Darpa on a propulsion system called the DiscRotor. [189] <> Duk da haka, kamfanin Boeing na aiki tare da hukumar bincike kan harkokin tsaro ta Amurka domin samar da wani tsarin tashin jirage mai suna DiscRotor. [190]

#: As you can see in the video above, the DiscRotor houses its blades inside a giant disc on top of the aircraft. [191] <> A tsarin DiscRotor, fankar jiragen na lullube ne cikin wani katon faranti da ke saman jirgin. [192]

#: The blades are extended and spin just as they would on a conventional helicopter for take-off. [193] <> A lokacin tashi, sai a saki fila-filan fankar su juya kamar dai yadda helikwafta ke yi, [194]

#: But as the aircraft picks up speed, [195] <> amma da zarar jirgin ya yi sama, [196]

#: the blades retract into the disc, and the disc stops spinning. [197] <> sai a janye fila-filan zuwa cikin farantin, inda za su daina juyawa. [198]

#: The plane flies like a conventional aircraft again [199] <> Hakan sai ta bai wa jirgin damar ci gaba da aiki kamar jirgin sama na yau da kullum. [200]

#: until it is time to land – as it slows, [201] <> Idan an zo sauka sai a rage gudu, [202]

#: the blades are extended again so that it can land vertically. [203] <> a zuro fila-filai su juya domin jirgin ya sauka tsidik kamar ungulu. [204]

#: Both are ambitious concepts. [205] <> Wadannan shirye-shiryen dai fata na gari ne. [206]

#: But it’s the kind of thinking that might be required if the vertical take-off airliner is to become reality. [207] <> Amma irin wannan tunanin shi ake bukata in ha rana son da gaske a samu jiragen jigilar fasinja masu tashin. ungulu. [208]

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